Fluid-pressure regulator



(No Model W. H. SELLEW. FLUID PRESSURE REGULATOR.

No. 583,269. Patented May 25,1897.

INVENTORR WITNESSEE.

UN TED STATES PATENT Trice,

\VILLIAM H. SELLEIV, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO,

FLUID-PRESSURE REGULATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 583,269, dated May 25, 1897.

Application filed August 3, 1896.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, WILLIAM H. SELLEW, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Fluid-Pressure Regulators, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to fluid-pressure regulators or reduction-valves which are interposed in the pipe conveying fluid at high pressure to a pipe or system in which the fluid is employed at a reduced pressure to automatically control the flow of fluid passing through the valve and maintain it at a predetermined pressure after it passes the valve. Its object is to provide a simple inexpensive device which is not liable to get out of order, is easily regulated, sensitive, and motionless in action.

The invention will be first fully described in connection with the accompanying drawin g and then particularly referred to and pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the drawing, which is a central longitudinal sectional view through the case, showing the operative parts in side elevation except the auxiliary piston-valve, one half of which is shown in central section and the other half in side elevation, A represents the shell or case of the valve, having formed integral with it the central partition d, separating the high-pressure chamber fand low-pressure chamber e and the cylinder i,-whieh contains the controlling-piston J and its regulatingspring Z. The partition d is perforated, and a lower annular projection around the perforation forms a seat for the main valve a, which controls the passage of the fluid at an initial or high pressure from the chamber fto the chamber 6, which connects by the exit-port with the pipe or system of pipes to which the fluid at low pressure is passed from the entry-port, communicating with the boiler or other source of supply for the high-pressure fluid at the opposite end of the case. The main valve is normallyheld to its seat against the low pressure in chamber 6 by a spring a, which is coiled around it between the lower side of the valve and the inner face of a nut 11, which is axially perforated to guide the lower part of the main-valve stem a The Serial No. 601,475. (No model.)

valve-stem extends up into a cylindrical chamber a and has upon its upper reduced end or neck a piston c, which is secured to the stem by a nut 0 which clamps the piston firmly in place. The upper end of the pistonchamber is closed by a cap-nut Communication between the higlrpressure chamber f and the chamber 0 above the piston c is established by a channel g g, and the fluid at a high pressure to said chamber 0' is controlled by the auxiliary valve J, which is a piston-valve having two annular grooves Q3 and y around it. The piston is arranged to reciprocate within the cylinderi between the inwardly-projecting shoulder upon the shell A and the fixed ring 0, secured above it in the cylinder 1'. The piston J is held in the normal position (shown in the drawing) by the spring Z, the tension of which is regulated by the follower Z to any predetermined pressure at which the fluid should be maintained in chamber 6 or the pipes leading from it. The fluid under high pressure from chamber f, passing from the channel g, the groove x in valve J, and channel g into the pressurechamber 0, exerts its pressure above the piston c, which, being of larger area than the under side of the main valve a, throws the main valve from its seat against the pressure of the spring a, and the high pressure on the underside of said valve opens communication between the chambers f and e, permitting the fluid to pass to the low-pressure side.

The piston c has perforations 71, which permit the steam at high pressure to pass into the chamber 6. When the reduced pressure in chamber e exceeds the predetermined limit, it acts upon the under side of the piston-valve J, throwing it up and cutting off the supply of fluid at high pressure to the chamber 0, when the high pressure acting upon the under side of valve a, assisted by the spring a, forces the main valve to its seat and cuts off the supply of fluid at high pressure from chamber 6 until the fluid in said chamber reaches its predetermined limit, which is that fixed by the regulating-spring Z. The piston J will then be forced to the position shown in the drawing and the main valve again unseated until the pressure in chamber 6 again exceeds its limit. Any pressure in the chamber f will not directly affect the position of the piston J, as the piston is balanced by the high pressure passing through its annular groove m.

In order to render the piston-valve J sensitive and avoid the friction which would be occasioned by packing the piston steam-tight within its cylinder 7;, I have provided the groove 1 near the upper end of the piston, centrally perforated the piston J to near its top, and opened communication between the groove y and central perforation .2 bya transverse perforation z. The groove 3 therefore forms a fluid packing and, being in communication with the chamber 0, will counteract any leakage passing the piston J through its lower annular groove m, and any fluid that may pass the upper end of the piston J may escape through a perforation m in the cylinder 2'. This perforation also opening to the atmosphere insures an atmospheric pressure on top of the piston J, opposed to the reduced pressure in the chamber c. This, together with the perforations 7L in the piston c, which pass the fluid under high pressure to the chamber 0, insures an easy gradual movement of the main valve a and, assisted by the pressure of the spring a, prevents any jarring or rattling of the parts in changing from one position to the other to insure a constant reduced pressure in the chamber 6.

It is apparent from the foregoing description that myinvention may be varied or modified as the judgment of those skilled in the art may dictate without departing from its spirit or scope, and I do not, therefore, desire to be limited to the precise construction and details shown, although they are the best known to me for carrying out the general principle of my invention.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Let ters Patent, is

1. In a fluid-pressure regulator the combination of the shell having inlet and outlet ports and a perforated partition dividing it into a high and a low pressure chamber and having two cylinders above but in communication with the low-pressure chamber, the one a pressure-cylinder and the other a controlling auxiliary-valve cylinder, a main valve to control the supply of fluid from the high to the low pressure chamber, the stem of said valve projecting into the pressure-cylinder, a pressure-piston connected to and moving with the main valve, a channel connecting the high'pressure chamber and the pressure cylinder above said piston, and a reciprocating piston-valve controlled by the outlet-pressure to govern the flow of fluid at high pres sure above said pressure-piston, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

2. The combination of the shell having a perforated partition dividing it into high and low pressure chambers, a pressure-cylinder and an auxiliary controlling-valve cylinder opening from the low-pressure chamber and the channel connecting the high-pressure chamber and the upper part of the pressure cylinder, a main valve to control the passage of fluid from the high to the low pressure chamber, the stem of said valve projecting into the pressure-cylindei the pressure-piston connected to and moving with the main valve, a reciprocating grooved piston-valve to control the passage of fluid at high pressure to the pressure-chamber above the pressure-piston, the under side of said piston and piston-valve being subjected to the pressure of the fluid in the low-pressure chamber, and the spring or other predetermined governing force acting against the pressure in the lowpressure chamber to hold the piston-valve open until the pressure has exceeded its predetermined limit, substantially as shown and described.

3. The combination of the shell having a perforated partition dividing it into high and low pressure chambers, the pressure-cylimler and regulating-valve cylinder extending up from the low-pressure chamber, a springpressed main valve controlling the flow of fluid under high pressure to the rcduced-pressure chamber, a piston operating in the pres- A divided into high and low pressure communicating chambers controlled by a main valve having a connected piston extending into a pressure-cylinder above the low-pressure chamber, the auxiliary or regulating-piston valve through which the fluid at high pressure passes above said main valve and controlled by the outlet-pressure, said auxiliary regulating-piston valve having an annular groove near its top, and a channel opening communication between said central perforation and the reduced-pressure chamber for the purpose of forming a fluid packing between the piston and its cylinder to avoid friction, substantially as shown and described.

5. In a pressure-regulator the case or shell centrally divided into high and low pressure communicating chambers and having a pres sure and piston-valve cylinder in communication with the low-pressure chamber in combination with a reciprocating piston-valve within said piston-cylinder, said piston being balanced with respect to the high-pressure fluid passing through it, its lower end in position to be acted upon by the fluid in the lowpressure chamber, and a spring with means for regulating the same to flx the pressure at which the said auxiliary piston-valve will open when the pressure in the low-pressure chamber exceeds its limit.

6. In a fluid-pressure regulator the combination of the shell having a partition dividing it into two chambers constituting high and low pressure chambers and a pressure-cylinder connected with the low-pressure chamber, a regulating-valve cylinder extending up from the loW-pressure chamber, a main valve controlling the flow of fluid under high pressure to the reduced-pressure chamber, the piston operating in said pressure-cylinder connected to the main valve and being perforated to pass fluid under high pressure to the reduced-pressure chamber, a spring in the high-pressure chamber exerting its pressure to assist in clos ing the main valve, a regulating-piston valve moving in the valve-cylinder to control the fluid under high pressure to the pressure-cylinder above the main-valve piston, and a spring to control the pressure of the said regulating-piston valve, said piston-valve being 20 WILLIAM H. SELLEW.

Vitnesses:

R. H. SELLEW, GEO. J. l\lURRAY-. 

